Izakhiwo zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: isakhiwo sensimbi kanye nesakhiwo sikakhonkolo. Isakhiwo sensimbi senziwe ngensimbi yesigaba, ipuleti lensimbi kanye nepayipi lensimbi ngokusebenzisa i-welding, i-bolting noma i-riveting.
Isakhiwo sobunjiniyela, ukhonkolo.
Isakhiwo: Kuyisakhiwo sobunjiniyela esihlanganisa izinto ezimbili: insimbi nokhonkolo ukuze kwakheke amandla avamile.
Ngakho insimbi yokwakha
Ngokuvamile, ingahlukaniswa ngensimbi yesakhiwo sensimbi kanye nensimbi yesakhiwo sokhonkolo esiqinisiwe. Insimbi yesakhiwo sensimbi ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa insimbi yesigaba, ipuleti lensimbi, ipayipi lensimbi, nensimbi yesakhiwo sikakhonkolo
Okuyinhloko
Okwezinsimbi zensimbi nemicu yensimbi.
1. Insimbi yesakhiwo sensimbi
1. Ingxenye Yensimbi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zensimbi yesigaba, okuyinsimbi ende eqinile enomumo nosayizi othize we-cross-sectional. Ngokusho komumo wayo we-cross-sectional, ihlukaniswe yaba lula futhi
Izinhlobo ezimbili zezigaba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Owokuqala uhlanganisa umbuthano
Insimbi, insimbi yesikwele, insimbi eyisicaba, insimbi ene-hexagonal nensimbi ye-engeli; lokhu okugcina kuhlanganisa ama-rails, i-I-beams, i-H-imishayo, izinsimbi zesiteshi, amafasitela
Insimbi yozimele kanye nensimbi emise okukhethekile, njll.
2. Ipuleti lensimbi
Ipuleti lensimbi iyinsimbi eyisicaba enesilinganiso esikhulu sobubanzi nokuqina nendawo enkulu. Ngokusho kobukhulu, kukhona amapuleti amancane (ngaphansi kuka-4mm) namapuleti aphakathi (4mm-
20mm), amapuleti awugqinsi (20mm-
Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-60mm) namapuleti aminyene (ngaphezu kuka-60mm). Imichilo yensimbi ifakiwe esigabeni samapuleti ensimbi.
3. Ipayipi lensimbi
Ipayipi lensimbi liwumugqa omude wensimbi onengxenye engenalutho. Ngokusho komumo wayo ohlukene we-cross-sectional, ingahlukaniswa ngamashubhu ayindilinga, ishubhu yesikwele, ishubhu elinezinhlangothi ezine kanye nezigaba ezahlukahlukene ezimise okukhethekile.
Ipayipi lensimbi elingaphezulu. Ngokusho kobuchwepheshe obuhlukene bokucubungula
Ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo kanye nepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe.
2. Insimbi yokwakha ukhonkolo
1. I-Rebar
Ibha yensimbi isho insimbi emise okwenduku eqondile noma yocingo esetshenziselwa ukuqinisa ukhonkolo okuqinisiwe, engahlukaniswa ngamabha ensimbi agoqelwe ashisayo (amabha ayindilinga agoqeke ashisayo i-HPB kanye nezimbambo ezigoqelwe ezishisayo.
I-Rebar HRB), ibha yensimbi esontekile ebandayo
(CTB), ibha yensimbi egoqeke ebandayo (CRB), isimo sokulethwa siqondile futhi sigoqiwe.
2. Intambo yensimbi
Intambo yensimbi ingomunye umkhiqizo obandayo ocutshungulwe wenduku yocingo. Ngokwezimo ezihlukene, ingahlukaniswa ngocingo lwensimbi oluyindilinga, ucingo lwensimbi oluyisicaba kanye nocingo lwensimbi elingunxantathu. Intambo ngaphezu kokuqondisa
Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa, ibuye isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ucingo lwensimbi
Intambo, intambo yensimbi neminye imikhiqizo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zikakhonkolo ezinengcindezi.
3. Intambo yensimbi
Izintambo zensimbi zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuqinisa ukhonkolo ogcizelelwe.