Injin haɗakar da kayan aikin da ɗan adam ke yi, tare da ƙayyadaddun motsin dangi tsakanin kowane sashi, wanda zai iya taimaka wa mutane su rage wahalar aiki ko adana kuɗi.
Na'urar kayan aiki mai ƙarfi. hadaddun inji yana kunshe da injina guda biyu ko fiye da sauki, kuma hadadden inji yawanci ake kiransa inji.
Akwai nau'ikan injuna da yawa, waɗanda za'a iya raba su zuwa injinan noma, injinan ma'adinai, injinan gini, injinan janareta na petrochemical, injinan lantarki, da kayan aikin injin bisa ga masana'antun da aka yi aiki, Instrumentation, tushe. Machinery, marufi inji, kare muhalli inji, da dai sauransu Karfe masana'antu injuna, tsarin karfe amfani da su kerar da inji sassa masu ɗaukar kaya ko watsa aiki da karfi, kuma aka sani da inji tsarin karfe. Raba bisa manufa
Ƙarfe mai ƙanƙara da zafi, ƙasa mai wuya
Chemical karfe (ciki har da carburizing karfe, nitriding karfe, low hardenability karfe), free-yanke karfe, roba karfe da mirgina hali karfe, da dai sauransu.
1. Karfe mai murfi da wuta
Ƙarfin da aka kashe da zafin wuta gabaɗaya ana kashe shi sannan a huce kafin a yi amfani da shi don cimma ƙarfin da ake buƙata da taurin. Abubuwan da ke cikin carbon na carbon quenched da karfe mai zafi shine 0.03 ~ 0.60%.
Saboda karancin taurinsa.
Ana amfani da shi kawai don kera sassa na inji tare da ƙananan ɓangaren giciye, siffa mai sauƙi ko ƙananan kaya. Alloy quenched da tempered karfe da aka yi a cikin carbon
Dangane da ƙarfe mai inganci, ana ƙara abubuwa ɗaya ko fiye
Jimlar adadin abubuwan da aka ƙara-gaba ɗaya baya wuce 5%. Alloy quenched da hushi karfe yana da kyau hardenability kuma za a iya amfani da a
Taurare a cikin mai, ƙananan nakasawa, mafi kyawun ƙarfi da tauri
Makin karfe da aka saba amfani da su sune 40Cr, 35CrMo, 40MnB, da sauransu. Girman sashin giciye yana da girma
, Mahimman sassa tare da babban kaya, irin su babban injin aero, babban injin dizal mai sauri crankshaft
Da kuma haɗa sanduna, manyan shafts na tururi turbines da janareta, da dai sauransu.
Karfe maki tare da babban abun ciki na alloying abubuwa, kamar 40CrNiMo, 18CrNiW, 25Cr2Ni4MoV, da dai sauransu.
2. Carburized karfe
Ana amfani da ƙarfe na ƙarfe don kera sassan da ke buƙatar sassauƙa masu ƙarfi da lalacewa da ƙarfi da ƙarfi mai jurewa mai ƙarfi, irin su fil ɗin sarƙoƙi, fil ɗin piston, gears, da dai sauransu. , Domin tabbatar da taurin ainihin sashin, bayan maganin carburizing, za'a iya samar da wani nau'i mai nauyin carbon da high-taurin lalacewa a saman. Ana iya amfani da carburizing gami don ƙarin mahimman sassa. Karfe, makin karfe da aka saba amfani dasu sune 20CrMnTi, 20CrMo, 20Cr, da sauransu.
3. Nitrided karfe
Karfe na Nitrided ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu haɗaka tare da ƙaƙƙarfan alaƙa ga nitrogen, kamar aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, da sauransu, don sauƙaƙe shigar da nitrogen. Nitrided Layer ya fi wuya, ya fi juriya da lalacewa fiye da carburized Layer, amma carburized Layer.
Layer na nitrogen ya fi bakin ciki. Bayan nitriding, nakasar sassa ƙanƙanta ne, kuma ana amfani da ita don kera madaidaicin sassa tare da ƙaramin lalacewa da za a iya ba da izini, kamar su dunƙulen injin niƙa, nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan niƙa, madaidaicin gears, ƙwanƙolin bawul, da sauransu, ƙimar ƙarfe da aka saba amfani da su. Akwai 38CrMoAl.
4. Low hardenability karfe
Low hardenability karfe ne na musamman carbon karfe tare da ƙananan saura abubuwa kamar manganese da silicon. Sashin tsakiya na sassan da aka yi da irin wannan ƙarfe ya fi wahalar kashewa fiye da na yau da kullun na tsarin ƙarfe na carbon yayin quenching. Haka kuma, da taurare Layer ne m a ko'ina rarraba tare da surface kwane-kwane na part, yayin da tsakiyar part kula da softer da tougher matrix don maye gurbin carburized karfe yin gears, bushings, da dai sauransu, wanda zai iya ajiye kudi. Time carburizing tsari, ceton makamashi amfani. Don dacewa da taurin tsakiya tare da taurin saman yadda ya kamata, abun cikin carbon sa gabaɗaya 0.50 ~ 0.70%.
5. Kyauta yankan karfe
Karfe-yanke kyauta shine ƙarin abubuwa ɗaya ko fiye kamar su sulfur, gubar, calcium, selenium, da sauransu zuwa ƙarfe don rage ƙarfin yankewa. Adadin da aka ƙara gabaɗaya ƴan dubbai ne ko ƙasa da haka. Jiki, ko ƙara abubuwan da aka haɗa tare da wasu abubuwa a cikin ƙarfe don samar da nau'in nau'in haɗakarwa wanda ke rage juzu'i da haɓaka fashewar guntu yayin aikin yanke, don tsawaita rayuwar kayan aiki da rage yanke. Manufar yankan ƙarfi, inganta yanayin daɗaɗɗa, da dai sauransu Tun da ƙari na sulfur zai rage kayan aikin injiniya na karfe, ana amfani da shi kawai don kera sassan da aka ɗora haske. Karfe yanke kyauta na zamani saboda aiki. Hakanan ana amfani da haɓakawa sosai wajen kera sassan mota.
6. Karfe na bazara
Ƙarfe na roba yana da babban iyaka na roba, iyakar gajiya da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Babban aikace-aikacensa shine maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Ana amfani da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa sosai a cikin injuna da kayan aiki daban-daban. Ana iya raba kamannin su. Akwai nau'i biyu na maɓuɓɓugan ganye da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa. Babban aikin bazara shine girgiza girgiza da ajiyar makamashi. Nakasar roba, shayar da makamashi mai tasiri, rage tasiri, Irin su buffer springs akan motoci da sauran abubuwan hawa; bazara kuma na iya sakin makamashin da aka ɗauka don sanya wasu sassa su cika wasu ayyuka, kamar magudanar ruwa akan injin, maɓuɓɓugan tebur na kayan aiki, da sauransu.
7. Ƙarfe mai ɗaukar nauyi
Ƙarfe mai ɗaukar nauyi yana da tsayi mai tsayi kuma iri ɗaya da juriya, haka kuma yana da iyakacin ƙarfi na roba. Daidaitawar sinadarai na ƙarfe mai ɗaukar nauyi, abun ciki da rarraba abubuwan da ba na ƙarfe ba, da carbides. Rarraba da sauran buƙatun ƙarfe suna da tsauri sosai, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin ma'aunin ƙarfe mafi ƙarfi a cikin duk samar da ƙarfe. Ana amfani da ƙarfe mai ɗaukar nauyi don kera ƙwallaye, rollers da hannayen riga na mirgina bearings. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da ƙimar ƙarfe don yin ainihin kayan aikin, mutuƙar sanyi, kayan aikin injin dunƙule, kamar mutu, kayan aiki, famfo da famfo man dizal madaidaicin sassa.