ʻO ka mīkini ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea kino i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, me ka neʻe pili pono ma waena o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, hiki ke kōkua i ka poʻe e hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī o ka hana a mālama kālā paha.
Mea paahana mana. paʻakikī Ua haku ʻia ka mīkini i ʻelua mau mīkini maʻalahi a ʻoi aku paha, a ua kapa ʻia nā mīkini paʻakikī he mīkini.
Nui nā ʻano mīkini, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā mīkini mahiʻai, nā mīkini mining, nā mīkini hana, nā mīkini maʻamau petrochemical, nā mīkini uila, a me nā mea mīkini e like me nā ʻoihana i lawelawe ʻia, Instrumentation, foundation. ʻO nā mīkini, nā mīkini pahu, nā mīkini pale kaiapuni, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kila no ka hana ʻana i ka mīkini, ke kila kila i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana mechanical e amo ana i ka ukana a i ʻole ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka hana a me ka ikaika, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka mīkini hana kila. Māhele ʻia e ke kumu
ʻO ke kila i hoʻopaʻaʻia a hoʻonāukiʻia, kaʻili paʻakikī
Ke kila kemika (me ke kila carburizing, ke kila nitriding, ke kila hardenability haʻahaʻa), ke kila ʻoki manuahi, ke kila elastic a me ke kila wili, etc.
1. Ke kila kinai a hoʻonāwaliwali
Hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana e hoʻokō i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī. ʻO ka ʻike kalapona o ka carbon quenched a me ka tempered steel he 0.03 ~ 0.60%.
No ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻakikī,
Hoʻohana wale ia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana mechanical me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻāpana ʻāpana, ke ʻano maʻalahi a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hana ʻia ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ke kila ma ke kalapona
Ma ke kumu o ke kila kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohui ʻia hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea
ʻO ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui i hoʻohui ʻia - ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 5%. Alloy quenched and tempered steel has good hardenability a hiki ke hoʻohana i loko
Paʻa i ka ʻaila, liʻiliʻi quenching deformation, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī
ʻO nā māka kila maʻamau ʻo 40Cr, 35CrMo, 40MnB, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
, Nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi me ka ukana kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka aero engine main shaft, high-speed diesel engine crankshaft
A me nā koʻokoʻo hoʻohui, nā kumu nui o nā turbine mahu a me nā mea hana, etc.
ʻO nā māka kila me nā mea kiʻekiʻe o ka alloying element, e like me 40CrNiMo, 18CrNiW, 25Cr2Ni4MoV, etc.
2. Ke kila carburized
Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila Carburized no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana e koi ai i nā ʻāpana paʻakikī a paʻa ʻole a me nā cores ikaika a me ka hopena, e like me nā kaulahao, nā piston pins, gears, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. , I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka paʻakikī o ke kumu o ka ʻāpana, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka carburizing, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papa kiʻekiʻe-carbon a me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī ma luna o ka ʻili. Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka carburizing Alloy no nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi. ʻO ke kila, hoʻohana mau ʻia nā māka kila he 20CrMnTi, 20CrMo, 20Cr, etc.
3. Ke kila Nitrided
Loaʻa i ke kila Nitrided nā mea hoʻohui me kahi pili ikaika no ka nitrogen, e like me ka aluminika, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, etc., e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka infiltration o ka nitrogen. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka papa nitrided, ʻoi aku ka ʻaʻahu a me ka corrosion-resistant ma mua o ka carburized layer, akā ʻo ka carburized layer.
ʻOi aku ka lahilahi o ka papa nitrogen. Ma hope o ka nitriding, liʻiliʻi ka deformation o nā ʻāpana, a hoʻohana maʻamau ia i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī me nā lole liʻiliʻi i ʻae ʻia, e like me ka mīkini wili ʻana i nā spindles, plunger pairs, precision gears, valve stems, etc., hoʻohana maʻamau i nā māka kila. Aia ka 38CrMoAl.
4. Haʻahaʻa hardenability kila
ʻO ke kila hardenability haʻahaʻa he kila kalapona kūikawā me nā mea koena haʻahaʻa e like me ka manganese a me ke silika. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kinai ʻana o ka ʻāpana waena o nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me kēia ʻano kila ma mua o ke kila kalapona maʻamau i ka wā e hoʻopau ai. Eia kekahi, ua māhele like ʻia ka papa paʻakikī ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāpana, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻaoʻao waena e mālama i kahi matrix ʻoi aku ka palupalu a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e pani i ke kila carburized e hana i nā mea hana, nā busing, etc., hiki ke mālama kālā. Kaʻina hana carburizing manawa, mālama i ka ikehu hoʻohana. I mea e hoʻohālikelike ai i ka paʻakikī o ka ʻaoʻao waena me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili kūpono, ʻo kona ʻike kalapona he 0.50 ~ 0.70%.
5. Kūʻokoʻa ʻoki kila
ʻO ke kila ʻoki manuahi ka hoʻohui ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea e like me sulfur, lead, calcium, selenium, etc. i ke kila e hōʻemi i ka ikaika ʻoki. ʻO ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia he mau kaukani wale nō a emi mai paha. ʻO ke kino, a i ʻole ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea i hui pū ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kila e hana i kahi ʻano inclusions e hōʻemi i ka friction a paipai i ka haki ʻana i ka chip i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, i mea e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ke ola o ka mea hana a hoʻemi i ka ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka ikaika, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, a pēlā aku. ʻO ke kila ʻoki manuahi o kēia wā ma muli o ka hana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kaʻa.
6. Ke kila puna
ʻO ke kila elastic ka palena elastic kiʻekiʻe, ka palena luhi a me ka ratio hua. ʻO kāna noi nui he puna. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā pūnāwai i nā mīkini like ʻole a me nā mea kani. Hiki ke maheleia ko lakou helehelena. ʻElua ʻano o ka puna lau a me ka puna wili. ʻO ka hana nui o ka pūnāwai ʻo ia ka haʻalulu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu. Ka elastic deformation, absorption o ka hopena ikehu, alleviation o ka hopena, E like me ka buffer puna ma luna o kaʻa a me nā kaʻa 'ē aʻe; Hiki i ka pūnāwai ke hoʻokuʻu i ka ikehu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hana i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau i kekahi mau hana, e like me ka puna wai ma luna o ka ʻenekini, ka mea kani Table springs, etc.
7. Hapai i ke kila
He kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakikī o ka lawe ʻana i ke kila, a me ka palena elastic kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke kūlike o ka hoʻohui kemika o ke kila bearing, ka ʻike a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā inclusions non-metallic, a me nā carbide. ʻO ka hāʻawiʻana a me nā koi'ē aʻe o ke kila he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia, aʻo ia kekahi o nā pae kila ikaika loa i nā hana kila a pau. Hoʻohana ʻia ke kila bearing no ka hana ʻana i nā pōpō, nā wili a me nā lima lima o nā bearings rolling. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka papa kila no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana pololei, ka make anu, ka mīkini mea hoʻoheheʻe, e like me ka make, ka mea paahana, ka paipa a me nā ʻāpana ʻaila ʻaila pauma.